Markets/Learn
Learn the markets
Guides and a glossary for reading PSX quotes with confidence — then jump into live pages when you’re ready. Educational only, not investment advice.
Guides
Short explainers linked to live PSX pages — no signup required.
How the PSX session works
Open, trade, and close times — and what “pre-market” means for the quotes you see.
How to read a stock quote
Last price, change %, open/high/low, and volume — what each field is telling you.
Index vs stock: what’s the difference?
Why KSE-100 can rise while your favorite name falls — and how to use both.
Volume and price together
A simple way to think about participation when a name is moving.
Glossary
Common quote and market terms you'll see on the hub.
LDCP
Last Day Closing Price — yesterday’s official close. Today’s change is usually measured against LDCP.
Bid / Ask
Bid is the highest price buyers are willing to pay; ask is the lowest sellers will accept. The gap between them is the spread.
Volume
Number of shares traded in a session. Higher volume often means broader participation behind a price move.
Index
A basket of stocks (e.g. KSE-100) that tracks market direction. It is not a single company you can buy directly on the equity board.
PSX
Pakistan Stock Exchange — the primary marketplace for listed equities in Pakistan, with the regular session typically 09:30–15:30 PKT.
CDC
Central Depository Company — electronic custody of shares. Settlement and ownership records run through the CDC system.
Circuit breaker / limit
Daily price bands that can pause or restrict trading when a stock moves too far too fast. Limits protect orderly markets.
Lot / board lot
The standard trading unit for a symbol. Orders are typically placed in multiples of the board lot.
Sector
An industry grouping (banks, energy, cement, etc.). Comparing peers in the same sector helps put a single stock’s move in context.
Sparkline
A tiny intraday chart showing recent price shape without full axes — useful for a quick glance at momentum.
Ready to go further?
Explore live markets for free, then open an account when you want to invest with Azee. Education here is not investment advice.